Results from session as reported by Thomas Andersson to Elisabeth Waelbroeck-Rocha
There is no conflict between cluster policies and innovation policies
Innovation systems and clusters are nested concepts:
¤ Clusters policies can be useful complements / results of innovation policies
Innovation systems are useful to push change:
¤ Change is painful, and often resisted
¤ In several countries, Innovation System concept has helped give a structure, define a path to achieve/foster change
¤ Helps to fight the linear model
¤ Move away from « Napoleonistic » style of universities
Innovation systems help foster the CREATION, DIFFUSION and TARGETING of knowledge
Can innovation systems develop spontaneously or do they require policy intervention?
¤ The actors can be present but policy intervention is needed to build linkages and increase the effectiveness of the system
Are innovation systems good incubators for clusters?
¤ No clear-cut answer
¤ Innovation systems can help revitalise clusters, help them to regenerate, become more innovative (second life)
Innovation systems need clusters, and vice versa:
¤ Innovation systems can outgrow the clusters so much that there is no market for the results of research
¤ Clusters can fail to innovate/regenerate if left at play
Evaluation of « value for money » in Innovation Systems just as critical as in clusters….
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